Acta Vet. Brno 2009, 78: 627-633

https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200978040627

Determination of the Volatile Fatty Acid Content in the Rumen Liquid: Comparison of Gas Chromatography and Capillary Isotachophoresis

Jaroslav Filípek, Rudolf Dvořák

Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic

Received October 26, 2007
Accepted June 30, 2009

Crossref Cited-by Linking

  • Liu Yuhong, Lin Mi, Wang Jianguo: Voltammetric approach to measuring free acid in anhydride and ester based on benzoquinone electrochemical reduction. Electroanalysis 2024, 36. <https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.202300362>
  • Pereira Anderson Lopes, de Oliveira Maia Parente Michelle, de Sousa Edegleicia Alves, Alves Arnaud Azevedo, de Moura Zanine Anderson, de Jesus Ferreira Daniele, Perazzo Alexandre Fernandes, da Silva de Sousa Francisca Cláudia, dos Anjos Luana França, Lima Hyanne Costa, Moreira Filho Miguel Arcanjo, Cavalcanti Hactus Souto, Parente Henrique Nunes: Nutritional strategies, performance, digestibility, and carcass traits of Santa Ines and Rabo Largo breeds in a tropical climate. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024, 56. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-03921-3>
  • Panneerselvam Senthilkumar, Palanisamy Vasan, Balasubramaniam Mohan, Palanisamy Selvaraj, Jaganathan Muralidharan, Kannan Thiruvenkadan Aranganoor: Effect of nonstructural carbohydrates on production performance, rumen metabolism and rumen health in lambs fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous complete diets. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024, 56. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-04029-4>
  • Dahlanuddin  , Kariyani L. A., Panjaitan T. S., Putra R. A., Harper K. J., Poppi D. P., Thomas Dean: Growth rate of male Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) fed leucaena and rice straw diets with increasing levels of cassava. Anim. Prod. Sci. 2024, 64. <https://doi.org/10.1071/AN24070>
  • BeAnn G Y, Rakib M R M, Zailan M Z, Candyrine S C L: Ganoderma lucidum-Treated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB): A Potential Feedstuff for Goats. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2024, 1341, 012049. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1341/1/012049>
  • Wardani A R D, Octarya S, Agus A, Paradhipta D H V: The Effect of Absorbent Level and Inoculants on Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Fermented Poultry Manure as an Unconventional Feed Ingredient. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2024, 1360, 012030. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1360/1/012030>
  • Mohapatra Archit, Trivedi Shraddha, Kolte Atul P., Tejpal Chaluvanahalli S., Elavarasan Krishnamoorthy, Vaswani Shalini, Malik Pradeep Kumar, Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao, Bhatta Raghavendra: Effect of Padina gymnospora biowaste inclusion on in vitro methane production, feed fermentation, and microbial diversity. Front. Microbiol. 2024, 15. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1431131>
  • Malyugina Svetlana, Horky Pavel: The Effect of Humic Acid Supplementation on Selected Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Protozoal Generic Distribution in Cows. Agriculture 2024, 14, 1663. <https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14101663>
  • Malik Pradeep Kumar, Trivedi Shraddha, Mohapatra Archit, Kolte Atul Purshottam, Mech Anjumoni, Victor Tsuma, Ahasic Elena, Bhatta Raghavendra: Oat Brewery Waste Decreased Methane Production and Alters Rumen Fermentation, Microbiota Composition, and CAZymes Profiles. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1475. <https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071475>
  • Budijanto Slamet, Nurtiana Winda, Muniroh Amirotul, Kurniati Yeni, Nuraida Lilis, Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo, Annisa Dewi Fitriya Nur, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah, Yuliana Nancy Dewi, Safrida Safrida, Shirakawa Hitoshi: Dietary supplementation of black rice bran to colon carcinogen-induced mice: Examining the development of colorectal cancer by improving environmental colon conditions. Heliyon 2023, 9, e18528. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18528>
  • Berça Andressa Scholz, Cardoso Abmael da Silva, Fonseca Natália Vilas Boas, Poppi Dennis P., Tedeschi Luís Orlindo, Micheletti Isabela Rita Coletti, Meireles Willi Rocha, Ruggieri Ana Cláudia, Reis Ricardo Andrade, Bach Alex: Effect of diurnal feeding times and sources of energy supplementation to optimise rearing of F1 Angus × Nellore young bulls. Anim. Prod. Sci. 2023, 63, 579. <https://doi.org/10.1071/AN22075>
  • Phuoc Thanh Lam, Suksombat Wisitiporn, Loor Juan J, Thi Thuy Hang Tran: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and rumen undegradable protein alter ruminal fermentation and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows. Archives of Animal Nutrition 2023, 77, 58. <https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2023.2176150>
  • Joch Miroslav, Kudrna Václav, Výborná Alena, Tyrolová Yvona, Jančík Filip, Kubelková Petra, Vadroňová Mariana, Tichá Denisa: Effect of corn shredlage on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and lactation performance of dairy cows fed a low-fibre diet. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2023, 22, 116. <https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2023.2165976>
  • Sundos F. M., Al-Sudani H. M. K., Al-Salmany A. S. M.: Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2023, 1262, 072087. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072087>
  • Malik Pradeep K., Trivedi Shraddha, Kolte Atul P., Mohapatra Archit, Biswas Siddharth, Bhattar Ashwin V. K., Bhatta Raghavendra, Rahman Habibar: Comparative analysis of rumen metagenome, metatranscriptome, fermentation and methane yield in cattle and buffaloes fed on the same diet. Front. Microbiol. 2023, 14. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1266025>
  • Malik Pradeep K., Trivedi Shraddha, Kolte Atul P., Mohapatra Archit, Biswas Siddharth, Bhattar Ashwin V. K., Bhatta Raghavendra, Rahman Habibar: Comparative Rumen Metagenome and CAZyme Profiles in Cattle and Buffaloes: Implications for Methane Yield and Rumen Fermentation on a Common Diet. Microorganisms 2023, 12, 47. <https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010047>
  • Gaafar Hamed Mohamed, Dell’Anno Matteo, Rossi Luciana, Mohsen Mohamed Kamel, Abdel-Raouf El-Sayed Mohamed, El-Nahrawy Mostafa Mohamed, Amer Abdeen Wajeeh: Evaluation of Beeswax Supplementation on Productive Performance of Growing Assaf Lambs. Veterinary Sciences 2023, 10, 574. <https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10090574>
  • Rashmi K. M., Chandrasekharaiah M., Soren N. M., Prasad K. S., David C. G., Thirupathaiah Y., Shivaprasad V.: Defatted silkworm pupae meal as an alternative protein source for cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022, 54. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03323-3>
  • Malik P.K., Trivedi S., Kolte A.P., Sejian V., Bhatta R., Rahman H.: Diversity of rumen microbiota using metagenome sequencing and methane yield in Indian sheep fed on straw and concentrate diet. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2022, 29, 103345. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103345>
  • Thirumalaisamy G., Malik P. K., Kolte A. P., Trivedi S., Dhali A., Bhatta R.: Effect of silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae oil supplementation on enteric methane emission and methanogens diversity in sheep. Animal Biotechnology 2022, 33, 128. <https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2020.1781147>
  • Zhang J., Wang C., Liu Q., Guo G., Huo W., Pei C., Jiang Q.: Influence of fibrolytic enzymes mixture on performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation and microbiota in Holstein bulls. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2022, 31, 46. <https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/147188/2022>
  • Sharifi Majid, Taghizadeh Akbar, Hosseinkhani Ali, Palangi Valiollah, Macit Muhlis, Salem Abdelfattah Z. M., Elghndour Mona M.M.Y., Abachi Soheila: Influence of nitrate supplementation on in-vitro methane emission, milk production, ruminal fermentation, and microbial methanotrophs in dairy cows fed at two forage levels. Annals of Animal Science 2022, 22, 1015. <https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2021-0087>
  • Malik Pradeep Kumar, Trivedi Shraddha, Kolte Atul Purushottam, Mohapatra Archit, Bhatta Raghavendra, Rahman Habibar: Effect of an anti-methanogenic supplement on enteric methane emission, fermentation, and whole rumen metagenome in sheep. Front. Microbiol. 2022, 13. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1048288>
  • Thirumalaisamy Govindasamy, Malik Pradeep Kumar, Trivedi Shraddha, Kolte Atul Purushottam, Bhatta Raghavendra: Effect of Long-Term Supplementation With Silkworm Pupae Oil on the Methane Yield, Ruminal Protozoa, and Archaea Community in Sheep. Front. Microbiol. 2022, 13. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.780073>
  • Kumari Manorama, Dasriya Vaishali L., Nataraj Basavaprabhu H., Nagpal Ravinder, Behare Pradip V.: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-Derived Exopolysaccharide Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Brain Injury and Modulates Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 2046. <https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102046>
  • Serafim Jéssica Aparecida, Silveira Raiza Felismino, Vicente Eduardo Festozo: Fast Determination of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Glucose Simultaneously by Ultraviolet/Visible and Refraction Index Detectors via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Food Anal. Methods 2021, 14, 1387. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-021-01990-w>
  • Du C., Ma L., Zhen Y.G., Kertz A.F., Zhang W.J., Bu D.P.: Effects of different physical forms of starter on digestibility, growth, health, selected rumen parameters and blood metabolites in Holstein calves. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2021, 271, 114759. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114759>
  • Retnaningrum S., Kusmartono, Mashudi, Harper K.J., Poppi D.P.: Formulating rations with cassava meal to promote high live weight gain in crossbred Limousin bulls. animal 2021, 15, 100125. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2020.100125>
  • Wang Mengyuan, Wang Haiying, Zheng Huiru, Uhrin Dusan, Dewhurst Richard J., Roehe Rainer: Comparison of HPLC and NMR for quantification of the main volatile fatty acids in rumen digesta. Sci Rep 2021, 11. <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03553-9>
  • Cahyo D N, Yusiati L M, Kurniawati A, Hanim C, Muhlisin: Catfish oil supplementation in Bali cattle diet: Effects on rumen fermentation parameters, carboxymethylcellulase and protease activity in vitro. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2021, 782, 022082. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/782/2/022082>
  • Thanh Lam Phuoc, Phakachoed Noppharat, Suksombat Wisitiporn, Loor Juan J, Hang Tran Thi Thuy: Partial substitution of fish oil for linseed oil enhances beneficial fatty acids from rumen biohydrogenation but reduces ruminal fermentation and digestibility in growing goats. Translational Animal Science 2021, 5. <https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab116>
  • Malik P. K., Trivedi S., Mohapatra A., Kolte A. P., Sejian V., Bhatta R., Rahman H., Chaves Alex V.: Comparison of enteric methane yield and diversity of ruminal methanogens in cattle and buffaloes fed on the same diet. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0256048. <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256048>
  • Lee Sang-Ryong, Cho Yunseo, Ju Hyuck K., Kim Eunjeong: Theoretical Methane Emission Estimation from Volatile Fatty Acids in Bovine Rumen Fluid. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7730. <https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167730>
  • Wongkaew Malaiporn, Tinpovong Bow, Sringarm Korawan, Leksawasdi Noppol, Jantanasakulwong Kittisak, Rachtanapun Pornchai, Hanmoungjai Prasert, Sommano Sarana Rose: Crude Pectic Oligosaccharide Recovery from Thai Chok Anan Mango Peel Using Pectinolytic Enzyme Hydrolysis. Foods 2021, 10, 627. <https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10030627>
  • Purba Rayudika Aprilia Patindra, Yuangklang Chalermpon, Paengkoum Pramote: Enhanced conjugated linoleic acid and biogas production after ruminal fermentation with Piper betle L. supplementation. Cienc. Rural 2020, 50. <https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20191001>
  • Paës Charlotte, Gidenne Thierry, Bébin Karine, Duperray Joël, Gohier Charly, Guené-Grand Emeline, Rebours Gwénaël, Bouchez Olivier, Barilly Céline, Aymard Patrick, Combes Sylvie: Early Introduction of Solid Feeds: Ingestion Level Matters More Than Prebiotic Supplementation for Shaping Gut Microbiota. Front. Vet. Sci. 2020, 7. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00261>
  • MURUZ Habip, GÜL Mehmet: Effects of live yeast on the rumen fermentation parameters and milk performance of Simmental dairy cows during the hot season. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2020, 44, 249. <https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1912-103>
  • de Paiva Ferreira Adriano Vinicius, Cominotte Alexandre, Ladeira Márcio M., Casagrande Daniel R., Teixeira Priscilla D., van Cleef Eric, Ezequiel Jane, Castagnino Pablo, Machado Neto Otávio R.: Feedlot diets with soybean oil, selenium and vitamin E alters rumen metabolism and fatty acids content in steers. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2019, 114362. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114362>
  • Baruah Luna, Malik Pradeep K., Kolte Atul P., Goyal Priyal, Dhali Arindam, Bhatta Raghavendra: Rumen methane amelioration in sheep using two selected tanniferous phyto-leaves. Carbon Management 2019, 10, 299. <https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2019.1605480>
  • Poornachandra K. T., Malik P. K., Dhali A., Kolte A. P., Bhatta R.: Effect of combined supplementation of tamarind seed husk and soapnut on enteric methane emission in crossbred cattle. Carbon Management 2019, 10, 465. <https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2019.1640136>
  • Hadianto I, Yusiati L M, Bachrudin Z, Suhartanto B, Hanim C: Effects of cinnamon bark meal (Cinnamomum burmanni Ness ex Bl) as protein protection agent on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristic. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2019, 387, 012060. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012060>
  • Latiefah S, Noviandi C T, Agus A, Utomo R, Quigley S, Poppi D: Rumen fermentation characteristics of Ongole crossbred bulls in response to different inclusion levels of dried cassava chips and palm kernel cake. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2019, 387, 012117. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012117>
  • Izuddin Wan Ibrahim, Loh Teck Chwen, Samsudin Anjas Asmara, Foo Hooi Ling, Humam Ali Merzza, Shazali Nurhazirah: Effects of postbiotic supplementation on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial profile, blood metabolite and GHR, IGF-1 and MCT-1 gene expression in post-weaning lambs. BMC Vet Res 2019, 15. <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2064-9>
  • Bonifacino Carla, Rodríguez Gonzalo, Pérez-Ruchel Analía, Repetto José Luis, Cerecetto Hugo, Cajarville Cecilia, González Mercedes: Identification of N-Oxide-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles as Pharmacophores for Rumen Fermentation Modifiers. Metabolites 2019, 9, 62. <https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9040062>
  • Bachruddin Z., Latiefah S., Yusiati L.M.: Effect of the Addition of Sodium Nitrate in a Total Mixed Ration with Fermented Tofu Waste on Methane Production from the Rumen Fluid. Pakistan J. of Nutrition 2019, 18, 408. <https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2019.408.412>
  • Steyn L., Meeske R., Cruywagen C.W.: The effect of replacing maize with dried apple pomace in the concentrate on performance of Jersey cows grazing kikuyu pasture. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2018, 239, 85. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.02.012>
  • van Wyngaard J.D.V., Meeske R., Erasmus L.J.: Effect of concentrate feeding level on methane emissions, production performance and rumen fermentation of Jersey cows grazing ryegrass pasture during spring. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2018, 241, 121. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.04.025>
  • van Wyngaard J.D.V., Meeske R., Erasmus L.J.: Effect of dietary nitrate on enteric methane emissions, production performance and rumen fermentation of dairy cows grazing kikuyu-dominant pasture during summer. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2018, 244, 76. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.08.005>
  • Thanh Lam Phuoc, Phakachoed Noppharat, Meeprom Chayapol, Suksombat Wisitiporn: Replacement of fish oil for sunflower oil in growing goat diet induces shift of ruminal fermentation and fatty acid concentration without affecting intake and digestion. Small Ruminant Research 2018, 165, 71. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.05.015>
  • Servillo Luigi, D’Onofrio Nunzia, Neglia Gianluca, Casale Rosario, Cautela Domenico, Marrelli Massimo, Limone Antonio, Campanile Giuseppe, Balestrieri Maria Luisa: Carnitine Precursors and Short-Chain Acylcarnitines in Water Buffalo Milk. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2018, 66, 8142. <https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02963>
  • Izuddin Wan Ibrahim, Loh Teck Chwen, Samsudin Anjas Asmara, Foo Hooi Ling: In vitro study of postbiotics from Lactobacillus plantarum RG14 on rumen fermentation and microbial population. R. Bras. Zootec. 2018, 47. <https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170255>
  • van Wyngaard Josef D.V., Meeske Robin, Erasmus Lourens J.: Effect of concentrate level on enteric methane emissions, production performance, and rumen fermentation of Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-dominant pasture during summer. Journal of Dairy Science 2018, 101, 9954. <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-14327>
  • RASHMI K M, CHANDRASEKHARAIAH M, SOREN N M, PRASAD K S, DAVID C G, THIRUPATHAIAH Y, SHIVAPRASAD V: Effect of dietary incorporation of silkworm pupae meal on in vitro rumen fermentation and digestibility. Indian J of Anim Sci 2018, 88, 731. <https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i6.80893>
  • Steyn L., Meeske R., Cruywagen C.W.: The effect of dried apple pomace as a replacer for maize in the concentrate for Jersey cows grazing ryegrass pasture on production and rumen metabolism. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2017, 234, 264. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.10.011>
  • Malik P.K., Kolte A.P., Baruah L., Saravanan M., Bakshi B., Bhatta R.: Enteric methane mitigation in sheep through leaves of selected tanniniferous tropical tree species. Livestock Science 2017, 200, 29. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2017.04.001>
  • Harun Nur Liyana Akmal, Alimon Abdul Razak, Jahromi Mohamed Faseleh, Samsudin Anjas Asmara: Effects of feeding goats with Leucaena leucocephala and Manihot esculenta leaves supplemented diets on rumen fermentation profiles, urinary purine derivatives and rumen microbial population. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2017, 45, 409. <https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2016.1205499>
  • Malik Pradeep K., Kolte Atul P., Bakshi Bhoomika, Baruah Luna, Dhali Arindam, Bhatta Raghavendra: Effect of tamarind seed husk supplementation on ruminal methanogenesis, methanogen diversity and fermentation characteristics. Carbon Management 2017, 8, 319. <https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2017.1357403>
  • Wang Xianjue, Ao Changjin, Khas-Erdene, Liu Shuaiwang, Bai Chen, Zhang Fuquan, Zhang Ying, Gao Peng: Effects of infusing milk precursors into the artery on rumen fermentation in lactating cows. Animal Nutrition 2016, 2, 105. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2016.03.002>
  • Gerude Neto Osman José de Aguiar, Parente Michelle de Oliveira Maia, Parente Henrique Nunes, Alves Arnaud Azevedo, Santos Paull Andrews Carvalho dos, Moreira Filho Miguel Arcanjo, Zanine Anderson de Moura, Ferreira Daniele de Jesus, Bezerra Leilson Rocha, Gomes Ruan Mourão da Silva: Intake, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, and Ruminal Constituents of Crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês Sheep Fed Diets with Babassu Mesocarp Flour. The Scientific World Journal 2016, 2016, 1. <https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8675836>
  • Klau Tahuk Paulus, Priyono Sa Subur, . Panjono, Baliarti Endang: In vitro Characteristics of Rumen Fermentation of Fattening Rations with Different Protein-energy Levels Fed to Bali Cattle. Pakistan J. of Nutrition 2016, 15, 897. <https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2016.897.904>
  • Cobellis G., Acuti G., Forte C., Menghini L., De Vincenzi S., Orrù M., Valiani A., Pacetti D., Trabalza-Marinucci M.: Use of Rosmarinus officinalis in sheep diet formulations: Effects on ruminal fermentation, microbial numbers and in situ degradability. Small Ruminant Research 2015, 126, 10. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.01.018>
  • Laibi Armel, Senou Marcel, Sagbo Etienne, Dahouda Mohamed, Ahyi Virgil, Tchangbedji Gado: The Use of Clay as a Methane Emission Mitigating Feed Additive in Djallonké Rams. JEP 2015, 06, 1176. <https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2015.610105>
  • Cong Yongzheng, Bottenus Danny, Liu Bingwen, Clark Sue B., Ivory Cornelius F.: ITP of lanthanides in microfluidic PMMA chip. Electrophoresis 2014, 35, 646. <https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.201300382>
  • Oldham C. L., Robinson T. F., Hunter Z. R., Taylor L., White J., Johnston N. P.: Volatile fatty acid profile for grass hay or alfalfa hay fed to alpacas (Vicugna pacos). Animal Physiology Nutrition 2014, 98, 908. <https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12157>
  • Zhang Hui Ling, Chen Yong, Xu Xiao Li, Yang Yu Xia: Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on <italic>In vitro</italic> Ruminal Fermentation of Wheat Straw. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci 2013, 26, 523. <https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12539>
  • Maia Michelle de Oliveira, Susin Ivanete, Ferreira Evandro Maia, Nolli Cristine Paduan, Gentil Renato Shinkai, Pires Alexandre Vaz, Mourão Gerson Barreto: Intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of sheep fed diets with canola, sunflower or castor oils. R. Bras. Zootec. 2012, 41, 2350. <https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012001100008>
  • Gebauer Petr, Malá Zdena, Boček Petr: Recent progress in analytical capillary isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis 2011, 32, 83. <https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.201000304>
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo