Acta Vet. Brno 2020, 89: 163-169

https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202089020163

Femoral bone defect healing using two novel biocompatible degradable materials

Robert Srnec1, Andrea Nečasová1, Pavel Proks2, Miša Škorič3, Zita Filipejová4, Lucy Vojtová5, Alois Nečas1,6

1University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Brno, Czech Republic
2University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Brno, Czech Republic
3University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Brno, Czech Republic
4University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Department of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
5Brno University of Technology, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Advanced Biomaterials Group, Brno, Czech Republic
6General University Hospital in Prague, Praha, Czech Republic

Received November 26, 2019
Accepted May 26, 2020

This study was conducted as an in vivo experiment in adult miniature pigs with the aim to test two new biomaterials. An iatrogenic defect was made into the central femoral diaphysis in the experimental animals and subsequently fixated by bridging plate osteosynthesis. Into the defect we implanted a cancellous autograft (control group), a pasty injectable scaffold (EXP A), and a porous 3D cylinder (EXP B). Radiological examination was performed in all animals at 0, 10, 20, 30 weeks after surgical procedure and histological assessment was performed. In the newly formed bone the osteoblastic activity was monitored. In terms of radiology, the most effective method was observed in the control group (completely healed 100%) compared to experimental groups EXP A (70.0%) and EXP B (62.5%). Histological assessment showed a higher cell count in the place of bone defect in the control group compared to experimental groups. Between the experimental groups, a higher count of bone marrow cells was found in group EXP B. Both newly developed biomaterials seem to be suitable as replacements for large bone defects, having good workability and applicability. However, compared to the control group treated with a cancellous autograft, the newly formed bone did not reach the same number of cells settling in and in some cases, full radiological healing was not reached. Nevertheless, the material was found to be grown into the original bone in all cases within the experimental groups. The new biomaterials have a great potential as a substitute in the treatment of large bone defects.

Funding

This work was supported by the project “Bones, tendons, and ligaments extent defects healing with using of new biomaterials” by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (Czech Health Research Council MZ-VES project no. 16-28637A).

References

19 live references