Acta Vet. Brno 2024, 93: 393-396
Immunohistochemistry of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in a Slovak Warmblood gelding – a case report
This case report describes the immunohistochemical examination of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a sixteen-year-old Slovak Warmblood gelding. Clinical examination detected a dull, painless percussion in frontal and maxillary sinuses. The left arch of the mandible had an irregular surface with a painful tap. The submandibular lymph nodes were bilaterally asymmetric with left sided hypertrophy, smooth to palpation, hard and painless. The tumorous mass was overgrown through the laryngeal mucosa, not observed in the oral cavity. The patient was in a poor clinical condition and was euthanized six months after the first clinical signs were observed. Histological examination of the samples taken from the tumorous mass showed the presence of proliferated cells of epithelial origin. The histological finding of the mandible showed focal osteolysis with multinuclear cells, which were bordered by mesenchymal tissue and a moderately dense collagen. Immunohistochemically, tumorous cells were positive for p63 and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. Protein p63 confirmed the metastatic spread of the tumour and was demonstrated to be a suitable marker for poorly differentiated SCC.
