Acta Vet. Brno 2026, 95: 63-69
The virucidal effect of 405 nm visible light on selected viruses
Visible light with a wavelength of 405 nm has emerged as a promising alternative to ultraviolet radiation for environmental disinfection due to its antimicrobial efficacy and safety for higher organisms. This study investigated the virucidal potential of 405 nm light on two structurally distinct model viruses: feline calicivirus (FCV), an RNA virus, and feline parvovirus (FPV), a non-enveloped DNA virus. Viral suspensions were exposed to 405 nm light for 8 h using a commercial germicidal LED device. Samples were prepared both in a dried state and resuspended in an organically rich culture medium (DMEM with 2% FCS) to assess the influence of environmental conditions and media composition. The results demonstrated that 405 nm irradiation significantly reduced FCV infectivity, particularly in resuspended samples (up to 102.3 TCID50/ml). In contrast, FPV showed no significant reduction in infectivity or genome quantity under the same conditions, regardless of sample state. These findings indicate that the virucidal efficacy of 405 nm light is strongly influenced by viral structure, character and size of the genome, and the surrounding medium.
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Funding
The study was funded by grant 2023ITA12 VETUNI from the Internal Grant Agency of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno.
