Effect of human adipose-derived regenerative cells on temporomandibular joint healing in immunodeficient rabbits

Putnová, Barbora; Hurník, Pavel; Jekl, Vladimír; Žiak, Dušan; Machoň, Vladimír; Škorič, Miša; Stránský, Jiří; Štembírek, Jan

doi:10.2754/avb201988010049

Acta Veterinaria > Archive > 2019, Vol. 88 > Issue 1 > Effect of human adipose-derived…

Acta Vet. Brno 2019, 88: 49-56

https://doi.org/10.2754/avb201988010049

Effect of human adipose-derived regenerative cells on temporomandibular joint healing in immunodeficient rabbits

Barbora Putnová¹, Pavel Hurník^2,3, Vladimír Jekl^4,5, Dušan Žiak², Vladimír Machoň⁶, Miša Škorič¹, Jiří Stránský⁷, Jan Štembírek⁷

¹University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Brno, Czech Republic
²University Hospital Ostrava, Department of Pathology, Ostrava, Czech Republic
³University of Ostrava, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ostrava, Czech Republic
⁴University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Brno, Czech Republic
⁵Veterinary Clinic Jekl & Hauptman, Brno, Czech Republic
⁶General Hospital Prague, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prague, Czech Republic
⁷University Hospital Ostrava, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ostrava, Czech Republic

Received August 15, 2018
Accepted February 12, 2019

Increasing research attention has focused on the use of stem cells (SCs) in regenerative and reparative medicine. Adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) are a relatively cheap and ethical source of SCs. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have been reported with rising incidence over recent decades. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of ADRCs application on the healing of both soft and hard temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues, and to assess the possible utilization of ADRCs in TMD treatment. We investigated the effects of human ADRCs on the healing of TMJ defects in immunodeficient rabbits. With no prior cultivation, ADRCs were applied to a surgically created defect in the cartilage of a rabbit TMJ. The healing process and inflammatory response were examined. Our results indicated that ADRCs supported repair processes in soft tissues. However, ADRC treatment induced a significant immune response in both soft and hard tissues, with hard tissues showing a higher level of bone remodelling. Non-differentiated ADRCs can be a promising tool for regenerative medicine of TMJ; however, deeper understanding of their effect on the cellular level is needed.